In which scenario is a security guard authorized to detain someone?

A security guard is authorized to detain someone if they witness a crime being committed. This authority stems from their role in maintaining safety and security in the environment they are tasked with monitoring. When a crime is actively occurring, the guard's duty includes intervening to prevent harm, protect property, and ensure that the perpetrator can be apprehended by law enforcement if necessary.

Detaining someone in this context is justified as the guard is acting in response to observable criminal behavior. This action is crucial, as it helps protect others and minimizes the risk of further illegal actions or potential harm to individuals present at the scene. It's important for security personnel to clearly understand the limits of their authority and the legal implications of their actions, as any detention must align with established laws and protocols related to security work.

Different scenarios, such as minor suspicious activity, suspicion of theft, or responding to a bystander's inquiry, do not provide adequate grounds for a lawful detention without witnessing a clear act of a crime. These situations may necessitate observation and reporting rather than direct intervention.