What does "access control" refer to in security?

Access control refers to the methods and systems implemented to regulate who can enter or exit a facility, as well as the conditions under which they can do so. This aspect of security is crucial for protecting people, information, and property from unauthorized access. Effective access control can include physical measures such as locks, security personnel, and barriers, as well as electronic measures like access cards, biometric scanners, and surveillance systems.

By managing access effectively, organizations can enhance their security posture and minimize risks associated with theft, vandalism, or any other unauthorized activities. This is particularly important in settings where sensitive information is handled or where the safety of personnel and assets is a primary concern. Other options like financial auditing, marketing strategies, and employee behavior guidelines do not directly pertain to the concept of controlling physical access to facilities.